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IC 92 – Actuarial Aspects of Product Development | III Fellowship Exam Prep 2025 - Mock Tests, Guide Book & 9R™ Exam Mastery Study Plan

IC 92 – Actuarial Aspects of Product Development | III Fellowship Exam Prep 2025

40-Credit Compulsory Paper | Mock Tests, Printed Guide Book, eBook, Udemy Practice Sets & 9R™ Exam Mastery Study Plan

Get exam-ready for Insurance Institute of India’s IC 92 – Actuarial Aspects of Product Development, the 40-credit compulsory paper under the III Fellowship Examination. Our exam prep bundle is meticulously curated with chapter-wise mock tests, 1200+ MCQs, solved papers, Udemy practice sets, and the exclusive 9R™ Exam Mastery Study Plan. Build expertise in insurance product pricing, mortality and morbidity assumptions, persistency, premium bases, solvency margins, and IRDAI-compliant actuarial modeling. Designed for aspiring actuarial professionals, product managers, and Fellows of III, this program equips you to excel with clarity, precision, and regulatory alignment.

Printed Book also available on Amazon and Flipkart.


IC 92 – Actuarial Aspects of Product Development | III Fellowship Exam 2025 — At a Glance

  • Certification Body: Insurance Institute of India (III)
  • Exam Module: IC 92 – Actuarial Aspects of Product Development under the III Fellowship Examination (40 Credit Points – Compulsory Paper)
  • Ideal For: Aspiring actuaries, product development specialists, pricing analysts, Fellows of III, insurance professionals involved in actuarial modeling, pricing strategy, and solvency assessment
  • Exam Format: 100 MCQs | 2 Hours | 60% Passing Marks | No Negative Marking
  • Mode of Exam: Online proctored or in-centre exam across India conducted by III
  • Eligibility Criteria: Open to Associate members of III and insurance professionals, actuarial candidates, and Fellows pursuing IC 92 as part of III Fellowship pathway
  • Key Topics Covered: Insurance Product Lifecycle, Actuarial Pricing Techniques, Mortality & Morbidity Assumptions, Persistency & Withdrawal Rates, Commission & Expense Loading, Profit Testing & Solvency Margins, Reinsurance Structures, and IRDAI-linked Regulatory Guidelines as per III Syllabus Handbook
  • Reference Framework: Based on the official III exam handbook, IRDAI circulars, and actuarial case-based modeling scenarios
  • Frequently Tested Concepts: Premium basis structure, profit margin sensitivity, pricing of group vs. individual products, actuarial control cycle, persistency analysis, solvency capital requirement, and reinsurance cost modeling
  • Popular Queries Covered: “How are mortality assumptions applied in pricing?”, “What is the difference between expected and actual persistency?”, “How to calculate solvency margins in product development?”, “What are the key IRDAI guidelines relevant to actuarial product design?”
  • Exam Relevance: Best prepared using IC 92 online mock test series, Udemy practice sets, exam guide book, glossary reference, and the 9R™ Study Plan developed by Gurukul On Road for III Fellowship aspirants

Pro Tip: Prioritize mastery of profit testing, persistency assumptions, and solvency margin calculation. Use the 9R™ strategy to organize your prep, reinforce case-based MCQs, and track performance against frequently tested actuarial topics.


Available Formats for IC 92 – Actuarial Aspects of Product Development | III Fellowship Exam Prep

Prepare strategically for IC 92 – Actuarial Aspects of Product Development, the 40-credit compulsory module of the III Fellowship Examination, with flexible study formats built for deep conceptual mastery. Access our chapter-wise online mock tests, 1200+ MCQs via Udemy practice sets, printed guide book, and instant-access eBook. Each resource is aligned to the latest IC 92 syllabus covering insurance product pricing, mortality/morbidity assumptions, solvency, persistency, expense loading, and IRDAI-linked actuarial guidelines. Leverage the 9R™ Exam Mastery Study Plan to structure your learning and crack IC 92 with speed, precision, and exam confidence.

Choose a Format That Fits Your Study Style for IC 92 – Actuarial Aspects of Product Development:

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Why Choose Our Study Materials for IC 92 – Actuarial Aspects of Product Development | III Fellowship Exam Prep 2025?

  • IC 92 mock tests follow the exact exam pattern and latest syllabus prescribed by the Insurance Institute of India (III) for the 40-credit Fellowship paper.
  • Covers all core actuarial domains including: product pricing assumptions, mortality/morbidity rates, persistency analysis, commission loading, solvency margin testing, IRDAI guidelines, and reinsurance modeling.
  • Includes over 1200+ IC 92 MCQs with detailed explanations. Questions are chapter-aligned, memory-based, and modelled on actual exam trends — ideal for high-stakes preparation.
  • Performance dashboard & analytics-enabled mock test interface replicates the real III exam experience and highlights weak zones such as profit testing, group vs. individual product modeling, and actuarial control cycles.
  • Flexible formats available: Online Mock Test, Udemy Practice Test, Printed Guide Book, eBook — all supported by our FREE 9R™ Exam Mastery Study Plan.
  • Stay updated with IRDAI circulars and III notifications converted into FAQs, glossary references, actuarial caselets, and scenario-based MCQs published regularly on our IRDAI Updates Portal.
  • Identify & avoid common actuarial errors in assumption setting, model testing, product design viability, and regulatory interpretation using real-case patterns and solvency-linked assessments.
  • Back-tested with actual III Fellowship memory-based questions and refined using IC 92 paper trendlines from recent exam cycles — for mastery, not just passing marks.
  • Developed by domain-specific SMEs in actuarial science, insurance product design, and IRDAI compliance — trusted by working professionals and top Fellowship exam scorers across India.

Stay Updated with IRDAI & III Circulars — Aligned for IC 92 Actuarial Product Development Fellowship Exam 2025

Regulatory changes directly impact MCQ patterns, pricing models, and solvency-linked case studies in the III Fellowship IC 92 – Actuarial Aspects of Product Development exam. At GurukulOnRoad, we track, decode, and summarize relevant circulars from IRDAI and III to highlight their impact on actuarial assumptions, product pricing, solvency norms, and regulatory compliance.

Each update is carefully mapped to the IC 92 syllabus and designed to enhance exam readiness. We publish simplified summaries of IRDAI guidelines, solvency capital changes, expense margin limits, profit-testing disclosures, and revised persistency norms. Our editorial team ensures each circular’s MCQ potential and actuarial relevance is updated in the Regulatory Update Resource Page for IC 92 aspirants.


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Associateship Exam Prep IC 92 – Actuarial Aspects of Product Development 2025 study materials now available in multiple formats.

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Overview & Key Focus Area : IC 92 – Actuarial Aspects of Product Development | III Fellowship Exam Prep 2025

Chapter 1: Insurance Product

Summary: Introduces the concept, lifecycle, and regulatory framework of insurance products. Emphasizes role of actuaries and IRDAI compliance.

Key Focus Areas: Product lifecycle, IRDAI guidelines, regulatory checkpoints, customer segmentation.

Chapter 2: Importance of Product Design

Summary: Explains how product design aligns with insurer objectives, customer needs, and market trends. Includes constraints in design and innovation.

Key Focus Areas: Design factors, risk profiling, customer needs assessment, embedded features.

Chapter 3: Pricing of Products – I

Summary: Lays the foundation for pricing principles, actuarial control cycles, and time value of money. Introduces basic assumptions in pricing.

Key Focus Areas: Time value of money, pricing assumptions, actuarial control cycle, basic product pricing.

Chapter 4: Type of Insurance Products – Individual

Summary: Classifies individual life, health, and savings products with focus on product features, flexibility, and pricing impact.

Key Focus Areas: Term plans, ULIPs, endowment, annuity, health covers, individual product comparison.

Chapter 5: Pricing of Products – II

Summary: Deepens understanding of pricing by integrating cost elements, reserves, regulatory margin, and customer behavior.

Key Focus Areas: Profit testing, expense loading, persistency assumptions, IRDAI pricing margins.

Chapter 6: Types of Insurance Products – Group

Summary: Focuses on group insurance products, differences from individual products, and pricing/group underwriting challenges.

Key Focus Areas: Group term, gratuity, leave encashment, employee benefit plans, employer-employee group underwriting.

Chapter 7: Premium Bases – Interest Rate

Summary: Describes interest rate assumptions in premium calculation and sensitivity analysis under varying interest environments.

Key Focus Areas: Net premium valuation, interest rate sensitivity, yield curves, duration impact.

Chapter 8: Premium Bases – Mortality and Morbidity Rates

Summary: Covers sources and adjustments to mortality/morbidity rates, impact on pricing and risk pools.

Key Focus Areas: LIC tables, modified rates, underwriting classes, mortality assumptions and reserves.

Chapter 9: Premium Bases – Persistency/Withdrawal Rates

Summary: Discusses lapse/persistency impact on profit testing and assumptions needed for product viability.

Key Focus Areas: Lapse patterns, surrender charges, revival rates, cohort-based persistency assumptions.

Chapter 10: Premium Bases – Commission Rates

Summary: Explains how distribution channels affect commission structures and their influence on premium setting.

Key Focus Areas: Channel-based commission, regulatory caps, front-load vs level-load, distributor incentives.

Chapter 10B: Premium Bases – Margins

Summary: Focuses on pricing margins for adverse deviation and statutory margins as per IRDAI regulations.

Key Focus Areas: Margin for conservatism, risk margin buffer, solvency-linked provisions.

Chapter 11: Premium Bases – Expense Rates

Summary: Breaks down fixed and variable expenses considered in pricing and their allocation methodologies.

Key Focus Areas: Expense loading, acquisition/renewal cost split, cost allocation models.

Chapter 12: Reinsurance Support

Summary: Explains role of reinsurance in product pricing, capital relief, and risk mitigation.

Key Focus Areas: Quota share, surplus, catastrophe cover, reinsurance pricing adjustment.

Chapter 13: Financial Viability – Profit Margin and Solvency Margin

Summary: Combines profitability metrics and solvency requirements to evaluate financial viability of products.

Key Focus Areas: Profit testing, statutory solvency, IRDAI solvency margin norms, stress testing.

Chapter 14: Glossary

Summary: Provides key actuarial and insurance definitions critical for concept clarity and MCQ readiness.

Key Focus Areas: Must-know definitions, IRDAI terminology, formula-based terms. Visit Our Glossary: Key Terminology Section


Preparation Guide, Tips, & Study Plan

Preparing for the III Fellowship IC 92 – Actuarial Aspects of Product Development exam requires a systematic and actuarially sound strategy. As per the official III Exam Handbook 2025, this 40-credit paper assesses your grasp of pricing assumptions, product structure, interest rate sensitivity, mortality patterns, persistency impact, expense allocation, solvency margin, and reinsurance support.

Whether you're searching for IC 92 mock tests, solvency-focused case MCQs, or a structured revision approach, our exclusive 9R™ Exam Mastery Study Plan delivers a comprehensive, chapter-aligned strategy. Access chapter-wise MCQs, exam-simulated test papers, profit-testing simulations, and revision mapping tools — all optimized for the IC 92 Fellowship Exam 2025.

  1. Download the official IC 92 syllabus from the III portal and map topics like interest rate assumptions, persistency, commission regulation, solvency stress testing.
  2. Start with chapter-wise IC 92 mock tests to master pricing variables, expense loadings, and regulatory limits.
  3. Use analytics tools to strengthen weak domains like mortality projection, profit testing, group product pricing, or margin of conservatism.
  4. Attempt full-length IC 92 test simulations to practice time-bound performance and mixed-topic questions.
  5. Refer to our Printed Guide Book and eBook for simplified explanations on assumptions like interest rate, expense rate, commission, margins and their impact on pricing.
  6. Keep up with recent IRDAI & III Circulars affecting solvency margin norms, product approval guidelines, and actuarial disclosures.
  7. Request your tailored 9R™ Study Plan to focus on high-weightage chapters like Financial Viability, Reinsurance, Persistency, and Mortality-Based Premium Bases.

Expert Tip: Don’t just revise — simulate actuarial decisions using MCQs on margin buffers, profit testing scenarios, and reinsurance structuring. Our Udemy Practice Test and Gurukul MCQ Bank mirror actual IC 92 exam complexity and regulatory orientation.




9R Study Plan Framework: Crack IC 92 – Actuarial Aspects of Product Development with Confidence

Preparing for the Fellowship Exam – IC 92: Actuarial Aspects of Product Development on a tight timeline? Our signature 9R™ Exam Mastery Framework is a research-backed, efficiency-driven study plan curated for actuarial aspirants, product managers, and pricing analysts. This 9-step path builds deep clarity across premium bases, solvency margin, profit testing, IRDAI-linked assumptions, and reinsurance structuring. Whether you’re using our online mock tests, Udemy practice sets, printed guide book, or eBook formats — this roadmap prepares you for Fellowship success with precision.

  1. R1 – Read: Start with the official III Handbook for IC 92 and map chapters on product design, pricing bases, expense assumptions, and solvency norms. Download Latest Handbook 2025.
  2. R2 – Recall: Highlight core definitions and formulae related to mortality/morbidity rates, interest rate assumptions, group vs. individual pricing, and commission regulations.
  3. R3 – Review: Use the IC 92 Printed Guide Book and eBook to revisit solved caselets on profit testing, persistency projection, and expense loading methods.
  4. R4 – Rehearse: Solve chapter-wise IC 92 mock tests and MCQ sets covering actuarial control cycle, margin for conservatism, and net premium valuation scenarios.
  5. R5 – Resolve: Use the Gurukul MCQ Bank to practice key concepts like reinsurance support, solvency buffer, expense ratio allocation, and product profitability matrices.
  6. R6 – Revise: Spend 30–45 minutes daily on high-weightage topics such as mortality assumptions, commission structure modeling, and withdrawal rates. Stay updated via our Regulatory Update Blog.
  7. R7 – Replicate: Attempt full-length IC 92 mock exams under timed conditions. Build stamina for handling multi-topic actuarial questions and complex numerical applications.
  8. R8 – Reflect: Analyze test results using performance dashboards to track progress in weak zones like solvency margin application, profit testing interpretation, and lapse rate calibration.
  9. R9 – Reattempt: Revisit incorrect responses and repeat practice in areas like premium bases formulation, margin inclusion, and pricing stress test assumptions. Use flashcards, glossary revisions, and solved papers for retention.

9R™ Exam Mastery Study Plan

This 9-step strategy is fine-tuned to the IC 92 syllabus and III Fellowship Exam pattern (40-credit compulsory paper). Whether you are a working professional or full-time candidate, the framework works best when integrated with our mock test engine, chapter-aligned eBooks, regulatory blogs, and realistic case-based MCQ formats.


Glossary & Key Definitions for III Fellowship – IC 92 - Actuarial Aspects of Product Development 2025

This curated glossary provides high-importance definitions and conceptual clarity for learners preparing for the IC 92 - Actuarial Aspects of Product Development paper under the III Fellowship Exam. Each term is aligned with the latest Insurance Institute of India (III) exam standards and includes terminology critical for mastering mock tests, printed/eBook guides, and our exclusive 9R™ Exam Mastery Framework. Whether you are using our online mock tests, Udemy practice questions, or printed resources, this glossary will support quick revision, domain understanding, and real-exam application.

1. Insurance Product
An insurance product is a formal promise sold by an insurer to a policyholder. This promise, outlined in a policy document, sets the terms and conditions for the payment of specified benefits upon the occurrence of a specified event, such as death or illness. It is designed to fulfill a customer's need for financial security.
2. Product Design
This is the process of developing and structuring an insurance product. Product design serves as a bridge between the needs of the customer and the innovative capabilities of the insurer, while also considering crucial factors like the company's profitability goals, the identified target market, and all regulatory requirements.
3. Pricing of Insurance Products
Pricing is the process of calculating the premium that a policyholder must pay for insurance coverage. The calculation is based on the expected costs of future claims, administrative expenses, and an embedded margin for the insurer's profit. A core principle in pricing is the Equation of Value, where the present value of future premiums is set to equal the present value of future benefits and expenses.
4. Individual Insurance Products
These are policies designed and sold to single individuals to cover personal risks. Common examples include term life insurance, endowment plans, and personal health insurance, which are tailored to meet individual needs such as family protection, retirement savings, or medical expenses.
5. Group Insurance Products
A group insurance product is a single policy that provides coverage to multiple individuals who are part of a specific group, such as the employees of a company or members of a professional association. This approach typically allows for lower premiums per person due to risk pooling and reduced administrative costs.
6. Premium Bases
These are the fundamental assumptions and components that actuaries use to calculate insurance premiums. The primary bases include assumptions about future interest rates, mortality and morbidity rates, policy persistency, operational expenses, and required profit margins.
7. Interest Rate (as a premium basis)
This is a critical assumption regarding the rate of return an insurer expects to earn from investing the premiums it collects. A higher assumed interest rate generally leads to a lower premium, as the investment income is projected to cover a larger portion of the future claims cost.
8. Mortality Rate
A statistical measure representing the frequency of death within a specific population, usually analyzed by factors like age and gender. It is a fundamental component used for pricing life insurance products, as it helps predict the likelihood of a death claim.
9. Morbidity Rate
This rate measures the incidence or prevalence of illness, disease, or disability within a population. It is the primary basis for pricing health insurance, critical illness, and disability income policies.
10. Persistency Rate
The percentage of insurance policies that remain active and in-force over a specific period. A high persistency rate is financially beneficial for an insurer, as it indicates that policyholders are continuing to pay their premiums. It is the inverse of the lapse rate.
11. Withdrawal Rate
Also known as the lapse rate, this measures the rate at which policyholders terminate their contracts before the maturity date. Withdrawals can occur through policy surrender (exchanging the policy for its cash value) or by ceasing premium payments. This rate is a key assumption in pricing and profitability analysis.
12. Commission Rate
This refers to the portion of the premium that is paid to insurance agents or brokers as compensation for selling the policy. It is a significant component of an insurer's acquisition costs and is factored into the premium calculation.
13. Expense Rate
The provision built into the premium to cover the insurer's various operational costs. These include underwriting expenses, policy administration, staff salaries, marketing, and other overheads.
14. Margin
An additional amount loaded into the premium to serve two main purposes: to act as a buffer against adverse experience (e.g., higher-than-expected claims or expenses) and to contribute to the insurer's overall profit.
15. Reinsurance
Reinsurance is a process where one insurance company (the ceding insurer) transfers a portion of its risks to another company (the reinsurer). This strategy is used to limit exposure to large losses, manage capital, and stabilize earnings.
16. Financial Viability
This refers to the ability of an insurance product to be profitable and the capacity of the insurer to remain solvent over the long term. It is assessed by analyzing profit margins and ensuring that the company maintains sufficient capital to meet its policyholder obligations.
17. Profit Margin
A specific component included in the premium calculation that is designed to generate profit for the insurer's shareholders after all benefits, claims, and expenses have been accounted for. It is a direct measure of a product's expected profitability.
18. Solvency Margin
The amount by which an insurer's assets exceed its liabilities. This capital surplus serves as a crucial financial cushion to protect policyholders against unexpected events and ensures the insurer can meet its long-term promises. Regulators mandate a Required Solvency Margin (RSM) that companies must maintain.
19. Actuarial Aspects
This refers to the application of mathematical and statistical principles to assess and manage financial risk. In product development, it involves all key functions, from pricing and reserving to profit testing and ensuring long-term solvency.
20. Annuity
A financial product that provides a series of regular payments to an individual, typically for retirement income. An immediate annuity begins payments shortly after a lump-sum premium is paid, whereas a deferred annuity begins payments at a specified future date.
21. Endowment Assurance
A life insurance policy that combines a death benefit with a savings element. It pays out a lump sum to the beneficiaries if the insured person dies within a specified term or pays the sum directly to the policyholder if they survive to the end of the term.
22. Term Insurance
The most straightforward type of life insurance, providing pure death benefit coverage for a specific period or "term." A payout is made only if the insured dies during this term. It does not include a savings or investment component.
23. Unit-Linked Insurance Plan (ULIP)
A hybrid product that combines life insurance coverage with investment opportunities. Part of the premium funds the life cover, while the remainder is invested in market-linked funds (e.g., equity or debt funds) selected by the policyholder.
24. Profit Testing
An actuarial modeling technique used during the product development phase to project the future profits that are expected to emerge from a new product. This analysis helps set appropriate premiums and ensures the product design aligns with the insurer's financial objectives.
25. Equation of Value
A fundamental actuarial principle central to insurance pricing. It states that at the inception of a policy, the Actuarial Present Value (APV) of future premiums must equal the APV of future benefits plus the APV of future expenses.

FAQ: Frequently Asked Questions for III Fellowship Exam 2025 – IC 92 – Actuarial Aspects of Product Development

Visit Our Universal FAQ Page

Q1. What is IC 92 – Actuarial Aspects of Product Development?

IC 92 is a compulsory 40-credit paper under the Fellowship Examination of the Insurance Institute of India. It focuses on the actuarial principles and financial modeling behind designing and pricing insurance products. This includes coverage of individual and group insurance, profit testing, reinsurance support, and premium base assumptions like mortality, persistency, and expenses.

Q2. Is IC 92 mandatory for Fellowship?

Yes, IC 92 is a compulsory subject for anyone pursuing Fellowship certification with the Insurance Institute of India (III). It plays a foundational role in understanding how insurance products are designed and priced actuarially, and is critical for higher-level actuarial roles in the insurance domain.

Q3. What are the key chapters in IC 92?

The IC 92 syllabus includes 14 chapters such as Insurance Product Design, Pricing Methods, Individual and Group Insurance Types, Premium Bases (Interest, Mortality, Persistency, Expenses), Reinsurance, and Financial Viability. Each chapter builds upon actuarial principles with business context for practical application.

Q4. What is covered in IC 92 online mock tests?

Our IC 92 online mock tests include 500+ chapter-wise MCQs, previous year recollected questions, practice test simulations, and a free demo test. The platform also offers exam pattern-based full-length tests with instant scoring and explanations for key actuarial and product design concepts.

Q5. Where can I find IC 92 sample questions?

Sample questions for IC 92 are available in our printed guide book, online practice tests, and eBook formats. These include objective MCQs, concept reinforcement questions, and numerical scenarios based on profit testing, pricing methods, and insurance product structures.

Q6. What is the best way to prepare for the IC 92 exam?

The best strategy is to combine the 9R™ Exam Mastery Study Plan with our practice tests and printed guide. Focus on understanding premium bases like mortality, interest rates, and persistency assumptions, then apply these to mock test scenarios. Consistent practice with profit testing questions also enhances exam readiness.

Q7. What is the Equation of Value in IC 92?

The Equation of Value is a core pricing concept stating that the present value of future premiums must equal the present value of expected future benefits and expenses. This actuarial principle ensures financial equilibrium in product pricing and is critical for MCQs and profit testing modules in the exam.

Q8. What are individual vs. group insurance products?

Individual insurance products are tailored to one policyholder (e.g., term plans, ULIPs), while group products cover a defined set of individuals under one policy (e.g., employer-employee life cover). IC 92 explores both product types in terms of pricing complexity, persistency, and expense assumptions.

Q9. How is reinsurance covered in IC 92?

Reinsurance is discussed as a key financial and risk management tool in product design. The IC 92 syllabus covers types of reinsurance, treaty and facultative methods, and how reinsurance support enhances solvency and allows innovation in new product offerings.

Q10. What is profit testing in actuarial product design?

Profit testing is an actuarial modeling method used to project the profitability of a proposed product. It incorporates assumptions like mortality, expenses, interest, and lapses. It helps validate if the premiums charged are adequate to cover claims, reinsurance, costs, and profit margins.

Q11. What are premium bases in actuarial pricing?

Premium bases refer to the set of assumptions used in calculating insurance premiums. These include interest rate assumptions, mortality/morbidity rates, persistency or lapse rates, expense loadings, and profit margins. Each factor influences how much the policyholder will pay.

Q12. How is mortality rate used in insurance pricing?

Mortality rate reflects the expected number of deaths in a given population segment, typically segmented by age and gender. It is used to estimate death benefit payouts in life insurance products and is fundamental to setting the cost of cover in term assurance and endowment plans.

Q13. What does persistency rate mean in IC 92?

Persistency rate measures how many policies remain active over a period, typically 13th-month, 25th-month, and 37th-month persistency. A high persistency indicates strong policyholder retention, which directly impacts an insurer’s revenue and expense recovery assumptions.

Q14. What is withdrawal rate in insurance?

Also known as lapse rate, withdrawal rate refers to the proportion of policies that are surrendered or discontinued before maturity. It affects insurer profitability as early lapses may mean unrecovered acquisition costs. IC 92 covers how it is factored into profit testing and product viability.

Q15. What is expense rate in actuarial terms?

Expense rate is the expected cost of administering a policy, including underwriting, policy issuance, maintenance, servicing, and claims processing. In IC 92, these are categorized as initial, renewal, and claim expenses and must be reflected in the premium structure.

Q16. What is a solvency margin?

Solvency margin is the excess of an insurer’s assets over its liabilities and acts as a cushion against adverse events. The IRDAI mandates a minimum Required Solvency Margin (RSM) to ensure insurers remain financially stable and policyholder interests are protected.

Q17. What is financial viability of an insurance product?

Financial viability assesses whether an insurance product can remain profitable and meet its obligations over time. This includes evaluating premiums vs. claims, expense recovery, and ensuring adequate return on capital while meeting regulatory solvency norms.

Q18. What is an annuity product?

An annuity is a financial product that pays regular income to an individual, typically after retirement. It can be immediate (payments start right after premium is paid) or deferred (payments start in future). IC 92 discusses their design, pricing, and actuarial modeling.

Q19. What is an endowment assurance?

Endowment assurance provides a lump sum payout either on death during the policy term or survival till maturity. It combines life cover with a savings element and is priced based on death benefit, maturity benefit, and expenses. It is commonly used for education and marriage goals.

Q20. What is term insurance?

Term insurance is the simplest form of life insurance offering only death benefit protection for a specified term. It does not have any maturity or survival benefit. IC 92 examines its low-cost pricing model, mortality base, and how insurers assess risk for such products.

Q21. What is a ULIP (Unit Linked Insurance Plan)?

A ULIP combines insurance with investment. A part of the premium goes toward life cover while the rest is invested in equity or debt funds as per the policyholder's choice. IC 92 covers charge structure, NAV calculation, fund switching, and risk-return modeling in ULIPs.

Q22. What is the role of commission rate in pricing?

Commission rate refers to the percentage of premium paid to agents or brokers as incentive. It is an acquisition cost that must be recovered through premium inflows. IC 92 discusses its role in determining profitability, break-even period, and pricing sustainability.

Q23. What is the interest rate assumption in premium design?

Interest rate is the expected return on premium investments. A higher assumed rate means lower premium required to meet future benefits. IC 92 explains how interest rate sensitivity impacts pricing, solvency, and regulatory compliance under conservative projections.

Q24. What is the role of margin in product pricing?

Margin is the buffer included in pricing to accommodate unexpected losses and ensure profit. It covers variances in mortality, lapses, interest rates, or expenses. Margin also contributes to meeting profit objectives and enhancing insurer solvency and capital adequacy.

Q25. What are actuarial aspects in product development?

Actuarial aspects involve the use of mathematics and statistics to design, price, and monitor insurance products. In IC 92, this includes profit testing, reserving, assumption setting, solvency analysis, and ensuring that products meet both policyholder and shareholder expectations.



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